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Imagine rolling out a new software feature without thorough testing. Bugs, crashes, and frustrated users could quickly follow. To avoid these, we rely on carefully designed test cases. In my previous article, “Exploring the Importance of Test Case Writing”, I highlighted why well-written test cases are important. Now, I'd like to talk about how to make the most of the test case template I shared just as I promised. This would help you understand the test case document's different columns and deliver software that meets the highest quality standards.
Today we're going to be focusing on Test Case Documentation.
When we hear the word "documentation" or “document," some people already know what it means, but not everyone understands the meaning of a test case. We need to understand the meaning of these two words before joining them together.
A test case is a set of instructions that describe how to test a certain feature or functionality of software. It offers clear, step-by-step guidance to testers, ensuring a smooth and efficient testing process.
Documentation is material that provides official information or evidence or that serves as a record.
I'd say that test case documentation is simply a recorded set of instructions that describe how to test a certain feature or functionality of the software. It serves as a blueprint for testers to follow, ensuring consistent and thorough testing.
Key Components of a Test Case
While there are numerous components to a test case, my discussion will center around those included in our template. I'll attach an image to each component—get ready to dive in and explore them all! 🎉
- Test Case ID: A Test Case ID is a unique identifier assigned to each test case. It acts as a unique reference point. For instance, you could use a system like 'TC_001', 'TC_002', and so on. Consistent ID formats enhance organization and traceability. If a defect is discovered during testing, the corresponding Test Case ID can be linked to the defect report, making it easier to pinpoint the source of the issue and track its resolution.
- Test Scenario: The test scenarios define what needs to be tested. These provide a high-level description of a feature or functionality requiring testing. Test scenarios outline the general flow of specific user actions or system behaviours, serving as a guide for focused and effective testing.
This can be found on a separate sheet or as part of the test case. In the template provided, this can be found both on a separate sheet and as part of the test case.
The Test Scenario ID and Test Scenario reference are what are displayed in the test scenario column of the test case.
I'll explain more about Test Scenario in the next article.
- Test Case Title: This is a short description of what the test case is meant to do. For example, “To verify that the date can be filtered.” This simply means that the test to be carried out is to make sure the date can be filtered.
- Pre-requisites: These are setups or conditions required before performing/ executing the test case. In the example below the user should have already registered an account before being able to test the display of the home page and being able to filter the date.
- Test Steps: These are a sequential list of actions that describe the exact steps required to execute the test. Clear and concise language should be used to avoid any confusion during execution.
Test Data: The template includes a dedicated column for Test Data, though it might not always require specific values for every test case. However, it's essential to identify and document the input data needed for each scenario to ensure consistency and reproducibility during testing.
Example:
Username: 'madamQA'
Password: 'example123//'
- Expected Result: Just like the meaning of the word expect, the expected result is what should happen after the test has been conducted. We could also call it the anticipated result. It's exciting to see if everything works as planned!
- Actual Result: This is the results obtained after completing the test processes.
- Results: This indicates the status of the test case. We have the passed or failed status which indicates if the test case passed or failed.
Comments: These are used to provide context, clarification, or notes about the test case that don't fit into other sections.
In case you missed it here's a link to the Test Case Template.
In summary, any software development project's success depends on having well-written test case documentation. By following the guidelines outlined in this article and using the provided template, you can create comprehensive and informative test cases that streamline the testing process, improve team communication, and, ultimately, deliver high-quality software that meets your users' expectations. Remember that well-documented test cases are an investment in the long-term success and reliability of your program.
Thanks for reading!